A rare coin with the face of Roman Emperor Nero has been discovered in Jerusalem dating back thousands of years.
Rare gold coin, minted in A.D. 56 or A.D. 57, discovered at Mount Zion in Jerusalem. Credit: Image courtesy UNC Charlotte
According to LiveScience, archaeologists have discovered an "exceptional" gold coin emblazoned with the Roman Emperor Nero's face at a site in Jerusalem.
The coin dates to around A.D. 60, shortly before the Romans
destroyed Jerusalem in A.D. 70, sacking the city and tearing down the
Second Temple, an important holy site for Judaism. It was discovered
during excavations of Mount Zion and probably came from a Jewish home,
according to archaeologists.
"The coin is exceptional," archaeologist Shimon Gibson said in a statement,
"because this is the first time that a coin of this kind has turned up
in Jerusalem in a scientific dig. Coins of this type are usually only
found in private collections, where we don't have clear evidence as to
place of origin."
The coin turned up in the ruins of wealthy villas from the first century A.D.
"These belonged to the priestly and aristocratic quarter located in the Upper City of Jerusalem," Gibson, an adjunct professor at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, said of the homes.
"Finds include the well-preserved rooms of a very large mansion, a
Jewish ritual pool (mikveh) and a bathroom, both with their ceilings
intact."
The mansion, discovered in 2013, contained a stash of Murex sea
snail shells. These snails were the source of an expensive purple dye
used during the first century A.D., and the discovery suggested that the
Jewish priestly class may have been involved in regulating the
dye-making industry, Gibson speculated at the time.
This wealthy neighborhood would have been destroyed along with the
rest of Jerusalem in A.D. 70. The coin may have been hidden and missed
by Roman soldiers during the siege, Gibson said.
"It's a valuable piece of personal property and wouldn't have
been cast away like rubbish or casually dropped. It's conceivable that
it ended up outside these structures in the chaos that happened as this
area was destroyed," he said.
The coin shows the Emperor Nero, who ruled from A.D. 54 to 68, in profile, surrounded by the inscription "NERO CAESAR AVG IMP." The back of the coin shows an oak wreath and the inscriptions "EX S C" and "PONTIF MAX TR P III." These inscriptions date the coin's creation to either A.D. 56 or A.D. 57.
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