The
popularity of some loan schemes have garnered in Ogun state communities
which can be likened to a two-edged sword. For some traders, its a
boost to their business, while for many, obtaining the loan is likely
poking the eyes of a sleeping lion.
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In the incessant light drizzle that threatened vainly to shut down
business activities at Sango Ota, Ogun State, on Tuesday morning, Toyosi
Kalejaye, sat in front of her tiny shop where she sold beverages along
with biscuits spread on a table to entice passing school children.
Kalejaye, a mother of two, who is separated from her husband, as
our correspondent would later learn, does not have the luxury of closing
up shop as a result of bad weather.
As she sat tight expecting her second customer in about seven hours
since she opened her shop that day, she cut a figure of the can-do
spirit of the Nigerian; the will to survive against all odds.
But for this trader, who seemed to be in her 40s, it is much more than that.
Kalejaye, like many traders like her on that street in Sango Ota,
had a target to meet – one that could either lead to her disgrace,
manhandling or a momentary respite from a burden that would be repeated
again the next week.
She is one of the beneficiaries of a local micro-credit scheme that
has gained popularity as a way in which local traders and housewives
survive in many Ogun border towns like Sango Ota, Idiroko, Mowe and
Ijoko.
In these communities, the fire of financial troubles is doused with the water of soft loans.
The popularity that these loan schemes have garnered in these communities can be likened to a two-edged sword.
For some traders, it has been a boost to their business, while for
many, obtaining the loan is likely poking the eyes of a sleeping lion.
In fact, the trouble that many traders find themselves after
obtaining the loans, is the source of the name in which the schemes have
become known by residents. They liken it to putting one’s breasts on a
lantern and call it ‘Gbo’mu-le-lantern’.
In the face of the lack of the necessary collaterals that would
enable local traders to obtain loans from actual banks, they say it is
easier to approach the unregulated micro-credit centres operating in the
communities for loan.
But for many of the beneficiaries, the experience changes their views quickly afterwards.
When our correspondent spoke with some of such traders, who have at
one point or another benefitted from the loans, they shared some tales
of some of their unpleasant experience.
The toilet treatment
A petty trader, Mrs. Kudirat Raimi, said she benefitted from the
loan scheme a couple of times before she could no longer bear seeing
people who defaulted in payment being shamed publicly.
But that was not why she opted out. For her, the frightening part was what she described as the “toilet treatment.”
She explained how the loan scheme works.
“You join by first registering and start going to their local
meeting over a period of five weeks. In that five weeks, you make a
contribution of N7,000. Out of that N7,000, your actual saving is N6,000
while N800 belongs to the scheme and N200 to the head of the scheme.
“After five weeks of going to meetings regularly and submitting
passports and a guarantor, you are then qualified for your first loan.
At the time I joined it was N20,000. But now, the initial loan is
N50,000.
“You are expected to pay back N4,800 every week. The weekly
remittance for each scheme differs. So, some may be much higher. But
that is where the problem is for many of our people here.”
According to her, as a result of fending for their families from
the profits of their trades, many housewives find it hard to meet up
with their weekly obligations.
“When a woman defaults in a particular week, they come to her
house, take her forcibly to their office and lock her up in the toilet.
It is a way of shaming her to find the money by all means,” Raimi said.
In these communities, interaction with many residents shows that
“finding the money by all means” means a lot of things, many of which
are unpleasant.
Saturday PUNCH spoke with Segun Orosun, who explained that one of
his acquaintances, a married woman practically begged him to sleep with
her in exchange for money for her remittance one particular week.
“She did not hide what she needed the money for. It was obvious
that she was in distress. She came to my house early on a Tuesday
morning when my wife was away from home. She was supposed to make her
remittance the following day.
“The woman told me that she had asked all her friends to give
her any little amount they could give so that she could meet up that
week. Sales had been bad in her shop that week. Unfortunately, I was
broke that week too. Even though I had pity on her, there was nothing I
could do.”
Orosun claimed that in his neighbourhood, there are other women
known to have taken the same route in desperation any week they have no
money to fulfil their obligation to their loan operators.
Raimi corroborated this
She told our correspondent, “This loan palaver has turned some
women I know to shameless people. In fact, that was why I left. I don’t
want to be associated with that again. Apart from the fact that not
making remittance in a particular week is trouble, the shame of having
to beg people for money just to meet up is embarrassing.
“Women who cannot sleep around, go around begging their friends
for money. Because many of their friends have their own problems too or
are participants themselves, getting money from them is impossible.
“Things are so bad that one of my neighbours died some months
ago. She planned with one of her friends that when officials of her loan
office come to claim their money, they were to be informed that she was
dead. She lay on a bed and put cotton wool in her nose and ears. The
officials were even crying when they came and saw her ‘body.’
“I have never seen anything like that in my life. When they
left, her friend went to wake her up and she did not wake up. They
called a doctor and they realised that she had died. I think she was
owing about N500,000 loan. Till today, we don’t really know what could
have killed her.”
As bizarre and almost unbelievable as this story told by Raimi is,
it underscores the desperation Saturday PUNCH learnt that
‘Gb’omu-le-lantern’ loan has imposed on many of their beneficiaries.
The public shaming
There is no doubt that beneficiaries of these schemes choose to
participate with their eyes wide open. But many over-estimate their
ability to cope with the weekly remittance.
A trader, Patience Bakare, who participates and has become a strong
defender of the scheme, explained that when some of her friends obtain
the loan, they expend it on children’s school fees, feeding or party
dresses.
She said, “I have obtained loans there twice now. I am
currently paying back N100,000. Some of my friends who are suffering to
pay back now are simply not wise. I tell some of them, before you obtain
the loan, you have to determine how much you make as profit weekly.
Compare that to how much you need to pay back in loan every week to
determine if you will be able to cope.
“I have no complaints about the scheme because I know my limit.
I dare not use the money to pay school fees or use it for feeding
because it would not yield anything and then I would be in trouble.”
But what happens before a defaulter is locked in the toilet? This is where the story becomes dramatic.
Saturday Punch was told by traders that the officials go to the
front of the house of the defaulter, mention her name in full and call
her a debtor, spicing that description with other unpalatable names.
After the defaulter finally comes out, the officials conduct a
“march of shame.” This is done by marching the defaulter to their office
or a police station with the continuous ringing of a hand bell or an
empty tin which an official beats noisily to add to the embarrassment.
It was learnt that even though the officials first arrest the
guarantor of any participant who has defaulted, the embarrassment is
reserved for the loan beneficiary.
Saturday PUNCH asked some beneficiaries what their spouse feel
about their participation in the scheme and their responses were
eye-opening.
A shoe trader, Mrs. Ogechi Benson, told our correspondent that even
though her husband was against her joining the scheme, she still went
ahead to obtain the loan.
She said, “The first time I collected the loan, my husband was discouraging me because of the negative things he had heard about it.
“I told him to give me the money instead. When he refused, I
told him if he could not give me, he had no right to stop me from
obtaining the loan. But he said when the trouble starts, he would ignore
me, but luckily, I have never defaulted. But I must confess, it has
been difficult paying back regularly.”
But many men feel strongly about the scheme.
Orosun, whom our correspondent spoke with earlier said for
instance, that he would not hesitate to send his Beninese wife back home
if she decides to take the loan without his consent.
“With what women who obtain the loan do to survive, my wife
should not even bring up the idea of taking Gb’omu-le lantern. It is
like deliberately finding trouble. Whatever she needs, I would rather
give her,” he said.
Saturday PUNCH was able to track down one of the operators of the
loan scheme in Sango Ota, Grooming Life Microfinance Services, which
uses one of the offices in a four-storey building along the
Sango-Idiroko road as the base of operations.
The manager our correspondent was directed to, laughed when
confronted with many of the negative views that many residents had about
the scheme. The woman, who did not identify herself simply waved it
off.
“Nothing they say about us is new. Many people see us as bad,
others see us as good. Let those who have benefitted judge. Whoever
thinks we are bad should stay away. People still come here because they
benefit from our loans, so we don’t care about those bad things they
say,” she said.
However, Saturday PUNCH reached out to Mr. Isaac Okoroafor, who is
the spokesperson for the Central Bank of Nigeria, the institution
saddled with the responsibility of regulating the operators of
micro-credit schemes in the country.
According to him, members of the public must try as much as possible to steer clear of any unlicensed micro-credit operator.
“Deposits should also be left only with institutions that are
licensed by the CBN and insured by the Nigeria Deposit Insurance
Corporation and law enforcement agencies,” he said.
Okoroafor did not respond to the question on how the beneficiaries
could determine which operator is licensed considering the fact that
they are mostly local semi-literate traders.
Culled from: Punch
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